Both countries were confirmed as full members after a unanimous vote at an International Cricket Council (ICC) meeting during its annual conference in London.
Now the Ireland and Afghanistan's men's teams will be eligible to play five-day Test cricket, widely regarded as the sport's supreme format.
When each nation became a full member, thus gaining Test status:
1909 - England (founder member)
1909 - Australia (founder member)
1909 - South Africa (founder member)
1926 - India
1926 - New Zealand
1926 - West Indies
1952 - Pakistan
1981 - Sri Lanka
1992 - Zimbabwe
2000 - Bangladesh
2017 - Ireland
2017 - Afghanistan